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丹麥國(guó)防部長(zhǎng)宣布，8國(guó)將向?yàn)蹩颂m提供大規(guī)模資金支持。配圖：丹麥國(guó)防部長(zhǎng) 資料圖

來源：環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)-環(huán)球網(wǎng)

【環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)-環(huán)球網(wǎng)報(bào)道 】當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間3月8日，北歐與波羅的海八國(guó)（丹麥、瑞典、挪威、芬蘭、冰島、愛沙尼亞、拉脫維亞和立陶宛）的國(guó)防部長(zhǎng)在丹麥?zhǔn)锥几绫竟e行緊急會(huì)議，就加大對(duì)烏克蘭軍事援助達(dá)成共識(shí)，同意向?yàn)蹩颂m提供大規(guī)模的財(cái)政支持。

此次會(huì)議由丹麥國(guó)防部長(zhǎng)特羅爾斯·波爾森主持，烏克蘭國(guó)防部長(zhǎng)魯斯捷姆·烏梅羅夫應(yīng)邀出席。據(jù)報(bào)道，此次會(huì)議的一個(gè)核心議題是美國(guó)停止對(duì)烏克蘭的軍事援助及其對(duì)烏克蘭戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)局勢(shì)的影響。盡管美方中斷情報(bào)合作未被列入議程，但會(huì)議重點(diǎn)討論了如何填補(bǔ)美援缺口，尤其是彈藥供應(yīng)問題。

波爾森指出，烏克蘭目前面臨的主要挑戰(zhàn)之一是彈藥短缺。他強(qiáng)調(diào)："我們討論了如何采取進(jìn)一步舉措，以彌補(bǔ)烏克蘭可能面臨的彈藥不足問題。"

丹麥國(guó)防部長(zhǎng)波爾森會(huì)后宣布，北歐和波羅的海國(guó)家同意將共同向?yàn)蹩颂m提供一項(xiàng)"規(guī)模達(dá)數(shù)十億丹麥克朗"的巨額資金支持，以應(yīng)對(duì)美國(guó)暫停軍援導(dǎo)致的烏克蘭前線物資短缺危機(jī)。具體措施包括：直接采購(gòu)烏國(guó)產(chǎn)軍備、丹麥等國(guó)計(jì)劃投資烏克蘭本土國(guó)防企業(yè)，優(yōu)先采購(gòu)火炮系統(tǒng)、無人機(jī)、導(dǎo)彈等裝備等。

據(jù)報(bào)道，雖然具體的援助金額尚未最終確定，但波爾森明確表示，這將是一筆"非常龐大的數(shù)十億級(jí)別資金"。

據(jù)了解，此次援助資金主要來源于丹麥設(shè)立的"烏克蘭基金"及歐盟對(duì)俄羅斯凍結(jié)資產(chǎn)產(chǎn)生的利息收益，相關(guān)資金分配方案將于未來數(shù)月內(nèi)敲定。

延伸閱讀

美宣布停止援烏數(shù)小時(shí)后 澤連斯基態(tài)度發(fā)生180度轉(zhuǎn)彎

據(jù)央視新聞報(bào)道，當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間3月4日，美國(guó)總統(tǒng)特朗普在國(guó)會(huì)聯(lián)席會(huì)議上發(fā)表了講話，表示他將繼續(xù)致力于結(jié)束烏克蘭的暴力沖突。他曾在幾天前收到澤連斯基的來信，信中提到烏克蘭已準(zhǔn)備好"迅速參與談判"，并愿意在特朗普的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下努力實(shí)現(xiàn)持久和平。

**來源：央視新聞**

特朗普與澤連斯基會(huì)晤（圖源：央視新聞）

在特朗普宣布停止向?yàn)蹩颂m提供軍事支持?jǐn)?shù)小時(shí)后，澤連斯基被迫改變了立場(chǎng)。相比之前試圖塑造的強(qiáng)硬形象，他轉(zhuǎn)向了一個(gè)軟弱的面貌。

3月4日，封面新聞?dòng)浾卟稍L了清華大學(xué)戰(zhàn)略與安全研究中心副研究員孫成昊和北京外國(guó)語大學(xué)國(guó)際關(guān)系教授王朔，探討特朗普與澤連斯基會(huì)晤時(shí)美國(guó)內(nèi)部的思潮以及美國(guó)內(nèi)部與烏克蘭之間的分歧。

關(guān)于澤連斯基為何會(huì)做出180度轉(zhuǎn)變，以及美國(guó)內(nèi)部與烏克蘭之間存在哪些根本分歧，3月4日，封面新聞?dòng)浾卟稍L了上述兩位學(xué)者。

澤連斯基在180度轉(zhuǎn)變后表示，他與團(tuán)隊(duì)隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備在特朗普的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，為實(shí)現(xiàn)持久和平而努力。3月4日，他在社交平臺(tái)上發(fā)文稱，烏克蘭已準(zhǔn)備好"迅速采取行動(dòng)結(jié)束戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)"，并提出了釋放戰(zhàn)俘、實(shí)施空中和海上停戰(zhàn)等第一階段行動(dòng)方案。關(guān)于礦產(chǎn)資源和安全協(xié)議，烏克蘭表示愿意在任何方便的時(shí)候簽署該協(xié)議。

據(jù)特朗普的社交平臺(tái)，澤連斯基在上周白宮會(huì)晤后也向特朗普表達(dá)了歉意，并感謝美方的感謝。

然而，在此事件發(fā)生前的24小時(shí)，澤連斯基公開表示，"安全保障是實(shí)現(xiàn)的底線和紅線，這些立場(chǎng)將交給美方。"即使是在2月28日白宮爭(zhēng)吵之后，他依然堅(jiān)持強(qiáng)硬立場(chǎng)，拒絕道歉，聲稱"我不認(rèn)為我們做了什么壞事"。

（注：本文對(duì)原文進(jìn)行了改寫，保持了原意，調(diào)整了部分表述方式，使文章更加流暢自然。）

Last week, the negotiations between Trump and Zelenskiy reached a stalemate. Zelenskiy left the White House prematurely, with the agreement on mineral resources and the joint press conference both being canceled as originally planned.

Beijing Foreign Affairs University's international relations professor Wang Shuojun commented that during the February 28 meeting, Zelenskiy's decision not to back down may have been influenced by his clear understanding that the U.S.-backed mineral deal would hand over sovereignty. Given the mixed reactions from home, Zelenskiy, as the country's leader, had to demonstrate "a determined struggle" — effectively, it was a "compromised effort for national interests" forced upon him.

Yale Law School visiting scholar and Tsinghua University's Strategic and Security Research Center researcher Sun Chenghao also analyzed that as a war-time leader, Zelenskiy aimed to maintain a tough image on the international stage, avoiding appearing weak or accommodating foreign interference. A firm yet equal stance might have fetched more European support and respect.

However, from an American perspective, Zelenskiy's stance was akin to "disrespect" and "lack of gratitude." The final straw for Trump's patience was Zelenskiy's admission on the matter, "the end of war could be extremely far off." Trump responded on social media, lambasting this as "the worst statement Zelenskiy has ever made… and with American support, this guy doesn't want peace."

On March 3 evening, the U.S. announced it would cease its military aid to Ukraine. The彭博社 reported that all U.S. military equipment not in Ukraine would be impounded, including weapons transported by planes and ships, as well as those in Poland waiting to enter the country.

An American official told CNN, "This pause is Trump's direct response to Zelenskiy's last-minute behavior." They noted that if Zelenskiy made a new promise to end the war, the pause could be lifted.

"This is the U.S. treating Zelenskiy like another demand," U.S. Representative Dan Goldman directly stated to the media.

Sun Chenghao explained, "Trump is trying to use military pressure to make Ukraine back down, aiming to push for a pause in hostilities." From the U.S.'s perspective, the obstacle to peace is Ukraine, not Russia. While Russia's territorial claims and its demand for Ukraine to not join NATO have little impact on U.S. interests, the U.S. wants to end the conflict to avoid a world war or nuclear war, which would be preferable to a regional war.

Wang Shuojun pointed out that the 'peace' both sides seek is different — for Ukraine, it requires an explicit and legally binding security guarantee from the U.S. to avoid Russian threats; for the U.S., it aims to end the conflict quickly and step back, hoping to avert a world war or nuclear war, which would be better than a regional conflict.

"There is a fundamental divide between the two sides, and the next step will depend on how much ground they can close on their differing expectations," Wang Shuojun concluded.

按照當(dāng)前的進(jìn)展速度，他們預(yù)計(jì)將在夏季結(jié)束前完成目標(biāo)。

據(jù)Kiel Institute for the World Economy披露，自戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)以來，美國(guó)已向?yàn)蹩颂m提供了超過1000億美元的軍事和經(jīng)濟(jì)支持，其中包括了反坦克武器、數(shù)千發(fā)炮彈和火箭彈等關(guān)鍵彈藥。

如果美國(guó)停止向?yàn)蹩颂m提供軍事援助，烏克蘭將面臨怎樣的局面？

據(jù)《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》報(bào)道，烏克蘭已自行建立了彈藥生產(chǎn)線，生產(chǎn)并支持了大約55%的軍需裝備，其中約20%來自美國(guó)，25%來自歐洲。然而，在短期內(nèi)，烏克蘭不可能取代美國(guó)的先進(jìn)防空系統(tǒng)、地對(duì)地彈道導(dǎo)彈、導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)和遠(yuǎn)程火箭炮。當(dāng)美國(guó)的庫存耗盡時(shí)，烏克蘭將無法進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)距離打擊和保護(hù)后方陣地。

在3月2日的峰會(huì)上，歐盟各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人就以下四項(xiàng)達(dá)成一致意見：繼續(xù)向?yàn)蹩颂m提供軍事援助并施加經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力；烏克蘭必須參與持久和平的進(jìn)程，保障其主權(quán)和安全；和平協(xié)議簽署后，烏克蘭必須進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)其防御能力；設(shè)立一個(gè)致力于維護(hù)烏克蘭和平協(xié)議的聯(lián)盟。

英國(guó)計(jì)劃向?yàn)蹩颂m提供2.26億英鎊的貸款，并采購(gòu)超過5000枚防空導(dǎo)彈，以增強(qiáng)其國(guó)防能力。然而，多個(gè)歐洲領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人強(qiáng)調(diào)，沒有美國(guó)的幫助，烏克蘭將無法保證自身的和平。

孫成昊指出，美國(guó)是否愿意恢復(fù)軍事援助，取決于烏克蘭是否愿意接受和平協(xié)議，并放棄加入北約等條件，“這需要烏克蘭作出相當(dāng)大的讓步。”

顯然，特朗普的施壓收到了成效，澤連斯基隨后在聲明中表示，“現(xiàn)在是糾正錯(cuò)誤的時(shí)候。”