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The U.S. Navy's ''Truman'' class aircraft carrier suffered a collision on its right port side, causing significant damage.

The U.S. Navy conducted recovery operations for an EA-18G "Prowler" electronic warfare aircraft that had sunk in the Santa Monica Bay.

Over the past year, U.S. military ships and aircraft have been involved in numerous accidents across multiple military branches, highlighting the complexity of their causes and the significant losses incurred, which have exposed major gaps in management and readiness.

Accidents have become a pressing issue at the start of the year.

Recent reports indicate that the U.S. Air Force's F-35A fighter experienced its first incident. On January 28, a F-35A of the 354th Fighter Squadron at the Alaskan Air National Guard Base crashed during training in the air while on a training mission, sustaining severe damage.

On January 29, a UH-60 "Black Hawk" helicopter from the 12th Air Operations Command crashed during an overnight training exercise near the Los Angeles International Airport, with a commercial jet owned by a U.S. company also involved in the collision. All personnel on board both aircraft were confirmed dead.

On February 6, a U.S. Department of Defense租用的比奇350小型飛機(jī)從菲律賓馬科斯機(jī)場(chǎng)起飛后發(fā)生嚴(yán)重故障，最終在南馬京達(dá)瑙省墜毀。機(jī)上共有4名人員遇難，其中包括3名美國(guó)防務(wù)承包商和一名美國(guó)海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊(duì)的電子戰(zhàn)專家。據(jù)報(bào)道，該機(jī)原計(jì)劃前往棉蘭老島執(zhí)行秘密任務(wù)。

On February 12, an EA-18G "Prowler" electronic warfare aircraft went down in the vicinity of the San Diego Port while a U.S. Navy nuclear-powered aircraft carrier, the ''Truman'' class, collided with a cargo ship named "Bosphorus" in the Mediterranean Sea off the eastern coast of Israel. The carrier suffered waterline damage and was forced to sail to Greece's Crete island for repairs. Despite claims that no one was injured and no nuclear facilities were damaged, visible cracks on the carrier's hull left the U.S. Navy in a difficult position.

While the U.S. Navy was investigating these accidents and addressing public criticism, further disclosures emerged revealing additional safety issues and potential problems. For instance, the ''Stok戴爾''號(hào) destroyer was forced to halt operations in Japan's Hamamatsu Port due to system and component failures while preparing to join an aircraft carrier strike group. The U.S. Secretary of State's own Air Force plane experienced engine failure after takeoff, prompting concerns over the readiness of U.S. military equipment. On February 15, a MV-22 "Yaks" tilted-wing military rotary-wing aircraft crashed in the Philippines, drawing widespread attention to the type of aircraft. Additionally, the U.S. Air Force has decided to delay the ''Sentry'' land-based洲際彈道導(dǎo)彈 project due to insufficient funding and inadequate technical support, and to postpone its formal evaluation. The U.S. Navy's Los Angeles-class submarine unit stationed at Guam has been reported to consist of sailors who are all exceeding the maximum allowable age for deployment, causing the unit to be placed on hold.

These incidents have exposed deeper problems within the U.S. military.

作為最新一代戰(zhàn)機(jī)的代表，F(xiàn)-35A戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)的墜機(jī)事件引發(fā)了外界對(duì)其性能的質(zhì)疑。美國(guó)空軍內(nèi)部官員透露，該型戰(zhàn)機(jī)存在近 Hundreds Of 技術(shù)缺陷，而美國(guó)政府和軍工企業(yè)仍在一邊發(fā)現(xiàn)新問(wèn)題，一邊繼續(xù)推進(jìn)生產(chǎn)流程。此次事故顯示，此前宣布的停飛和改進(jìn)措施未能徹底解決問(wèn)題。

UH-60直升機(jī)與客機(jī)相撞的事故凸顯了美軍在管理和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施方面的漏洞。特朗普和美國(guó)國(guó)防部長(zhǎng)海格塞斯均表示，責(zé)任主要在于軍方，并指出UH-60直升機(jī)在飛行過(guò)程中嚴(yán)重超限，且飛行員在塔臺(tái)提醒后仍未遵守200英尺的安全高度要求。美國(guó)政府效率部負(fù)責(zé)人稱，經(jīng)檢查發(fā)現(xiàn)，里根機(jī)場(chǎng)的空中交通管制系統(tǒng)和航空管理局的安全通知系統(tǒng)存在技術(shù)落后問(wèn)題，尤其是后者曾出現(xiàn)數(shù)小時(shí)的故障，“這極易引發(fā)更大的災(zāi)難”。

EA-18G電子戰(zhàn)飛機(jī)的墜毀以及艦艇故障和裝備超齡等問(wèn)題，進(jìn)一步暴露了美軍裝備老化的真實(shí)情況。有美國(guó)海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊(duì)飛行員抱怨稱，EA-18G電子戰(zhàn)飛機(jī)的服役時(shí)間已經(jīng)超過(guò)30年。在美軍現(xiàn)役裝備中，70%的海軍艦艇和40%的戰(zhàn)機(jī)已超過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)壽命的50%，相關(guān)維護(hù)工作嚴(yán)重滯后。而“杜魯門”號(hào)航母的航海長(zhǎng)誤將商船的桅桿燈識(shí)別為港口系泊浮筒指示燈，以及航母作戰(zhàn)信息中心的雷達(dá)操作員在工作期間觀看NBA比賽等情況，則反映出美軍人員的職業(yè)素養(yǎng)和專業(yè)技術(shù)水平下降。

美軍高強(qiáng)度軍事行動(dòng)導(dǎo)致裝備和人員長(zhǎng)時(shí)間超負(fù)荷運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，也是事故頻發(fā)的重要原因。以“杜魯門”號(hào)航母為例，在發(fā)生撞船事故前，該航母已在紅海連續(xù)部署8個(gè)月，艦載機(jī)起降頻次超過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的30%。此前在紅海執(zhí)行部署任務(wù)的“艾森豪威爾”號(hào)和“羅斯福”號(hào)航母也面臨類似問(wèn)題。在印太地區(qū)部署的MV-22傾轉(zhuǎn)旋翼機(jī)為滿足美軍印太戰(zhàn)略需求，年均飛行小時(shí)數(shù)比本土同型號(hào)運(yùn)輸機(jī)高出40%，被美國(guó)媒體形容為“嚴(yán)重透支狀態(tài)”。外媒認(rèn)為，美軍多個(gè)軍兵種接連發(fā)生安全事故與其兵力分散、長(zhǎng)期處于高強(qiáng)度戰(zhàn)備狀態(tài)密切相關(guān)。從當(dāng)前調(diào)查結(jié)果看，這一系列事件暴露出美軍在管理、建設(shè)和戰(zhàn)備等方面的深層問(wèn)題。

負(fù)面效應(yīng)正在外溢

目前，美國(guó)政府和國(guó)防部已針對(duì)軍機(jī)艦船事故采取集中應(yīng)對(duì)措施，但負(fù)面效應(yīng)仍在持續(xù)擴(kuò)散。

美國(guó)部分媒體和民眾對(duì)軍方表達(dá)了強(qiáng)烈不滿。他們認(rèn)為，在當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)疲軟的背景下，美國(guó)軍費(fèi)仍保持高增幅，安全事故頻發(fā)“削弱了民眾對(duì)軍隊(duì)的信任”。隨著調(diào)查深入，美國(guó)兩黨在軍費(fèi)開支上的分歧進(jìn)一步加劇，特朗普政府的軍事政策可能因此受到制約。

美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)軍工企業(yè)也面臨較大壓力。2024年波音公司的危機(jī)尚未平息，F(xiàn)-35A戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)和MV-22傾轉(zhuǎn)旋翼機(jī)的安全事故可能加劇國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)洛克希德·馬丁等美國(guó)軍火公司的不信任。尤其是F-35A戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)作為主力外銷產(chǎn)品，安全性能不穩(wěn)定可能對(duì)其在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上的聲譽(yù)造成負(fù)面影響。

相關(guān)事故還引發(fā)美軍駐海外國(guó)家民眾的擔(dān)憂。韓國(guó)、日本、菲律賓等國(guó)民眾舉行集會(huì)，要求本國(guó)政府審查美國(guó)駐軍的安全問(wèn)題。部分國(guó)家的媒體呼吁政府重新評(píng)估F-35A戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)和MV-22傾轉(zhuǎn)旋翼機(jī)等軍機(jī)的采購(gòu)合同。有美軍人士擔(dān)憂，這些情況可能影響美國(guó)與盟國(guó)關(guān)系的穩(wěn)定性。

（中國(guó)國(guó)防報(bào)）