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3月12日凌晨，海南商業(yè)航天發(fā)射場(chǎng)取得重要突破——一號(hào)發(fā)射工位首次發(fā)射任務(wù)獲得成功。作為長(zhǎng)征八號(hào)系列火箭的專用發(fā)射工位，這一"首次秀"有哪些創(chuàng)新亮點(diǎn)？

新型技術(shù)為火箭發(fā)射護(hù)航，確保了發(fā)射過(guò)程的順利進(jìn)行。

一號(hào)工位由中國(guó)航天科技集團(tuán)一院所屬北京航天發(fā)射技術(shù)研究所主導(dǎo)設(shè)計(jì)施工。此次任務(wù)中，其獨(dú)特的導(dǎo)流和降噪技術(shù)成為一大亮點(diǎn)。

導(dǎo)流錐的主要功能是引導(dǎo)和排出火箭燃?xì)饬?，以避免?duì)發(fā)射設(shè)施造成損害并保障發(fā)射安全。據(jù)中國(guó)航天科技集團(tuán)王鵬介紹，與傳統(tǒng)地下導(dǎo)流槽相比，一號(hào)工位采用了雙向?qū)Я麇F技術(shù)，其導(dǎo)流錐高出地面3.9米，形似太極圖中的"接"和"化"，有效消解了高溫和烈焰對(duì)發(fā)射設(shè)施的損害。

海南國(guó)際商業(yè)航天發(fā)射有限公司工程設(shè)備部部長(zhǎng)葛立新指出，為了更好地實(shí)現(xiàn)降溫降噪，一號(hào)工位摒棄了傳統(tǒng)的塔頂水箱設(shè)計(jì)，采用了擠壓式大流量噴水系統(tǒng)。地面設(shè)置兩個(gè)儲(chǔ)氣罐和一個(gè)儲(chǔ)水罐，火箭點(diǎn)火后，控制系統(tǒng)立即啟動(dòng)，儲(chǔ)氣罐中的高壓壓縮氣體驅(qū)動(dòng)儲(chǔ)水罐中的水通過(guò)噴水孔高速噴出形成水幕，僅需15秒即可釋放500噸水。這一設(shè)計(jì)不僅有效保護(hù)了發(fā)射臺(tái)和導(dǎo)流錐等關(guān)鍵設(shè)備免受燃?xì)饬鞯臒g，還提升了降溫降噪效率30%。

值得一提的是，噴水孔均勻分布在發(fā)射臺(tái)和導(dǎo)流錐表面，經(jīng)過(guò)精心計(jì)算和多次試驗(yàn)，其分布不僅科學(xué)合理，還能夠在極短時(shí)間內(nèi)噴出足夠水量。

王鵬表示，這一創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)不僅大幅提升了火箭發(fā)射的安全性，更在為未來(lái)航天發(fā)射提供了全新的解決方案?！斑@是首次成功保障中型液體火箭發(fā)射的地面燃?xì)饬髋艑?dǎo)裝置?！彼a(bǔ)充道。

這一新模式顯著縮短了火箭"等待"時(shí)間。

商業(yè)航天領(lǐng)域需要"快速響應(yīng)"，提升效率和降低成本尤為重要。

長(zhǎng)征八號(hào)火箭團(tuán)隊(duì)結(jié)合一號(hào)工位，突破性地采用了"新三垂測(cè)發(fā)模式"：將火箭分段，分別通過(guò)公路運(yùn)輸至發(fā)射場(chǎng)后完成總裝。

海南商業(yè)航天發(fā)射場(chǎng) undergoes significant upgrades to enhance operational efficiency

The發(fā)射場(chǎng) team has pioneered the "Pulse-Mode Production Testing and Launch Integration" system, introducing dual pulse lines and three vertical workstations within the total assembly testing workshop. This innovative approach ensures seamless coordination between production, testing, and launch phases.

Dr. Song Zhengyu of the Chinese航天 Technology Corporation emphasized that the new system streamlines the launch sequence, elevates operational standardization and automation levels, and significantly reduces the time required for factory occupation. As a result, the launch interval has been compressed to a "7-day launch and 7-day recovery cycle," paving the way for a high-density launch schedule in the future.

The一號(hào)工位 team has implemented several cost-saving measures: by integrating resources from over 200配套單位, they have shortened the construction period by nearly half compared to traditional methods. Modular and standardized designs for launch towers have reduced construction scale by 40%. Additionally, they invented a ground conduit system that replaces deep pit conductor channels, achieving a 60% reduction in construction duration and a 70% decrease in costs.

"This initiative not only represents a dedicated workstations but also embodies the Chinese航天 people's innovative spirit and determination to tackle difficult challenges," said Zhang Xiao juice, chief commander of the一號(hào)工位 team. The team will continue to refine operational and management processes to better support launch tasks.

The "智慧發(fā)射場(chǎng)系統(tǒng)" provides intelligent management for the發(fā)射 process. Through real-time monitoring and remote operation, the system automates tasks such as fuel addition and pressure adjustment, enabling staff to operate without on-site presence. An anomaly detected by the system can be promptly addressed by the backend, significantly reducing human intervention risks.

To meet the growing demand for multiple launches, traditional manual management systems are no longer sufficient for commercial航天 operations. Ms. Fu Junmei from the quality assurance and risk control department of海南商業(yè)航天 highlighted that the "智慧發(fā)射場(chǎng)系統(tǒng)" has been developed with dedicated modules for task management. For example, when a lift is needed, the system automatically checks and allocates available lifts. Once a resource is allocated, it must wait until the task is completed before accepting new requests, eliminating the need for frequent manual checks.

During the first task of一號(hào)工位, the system also enhanced the health management capabilities of the發(fā)射 field. If an issue arises, the system can promptly diagnose and offer solutions, while also transmitting issues to the comprehensive management platform for monitoring. This allows operators to quickly identify potential problems and minimize unnecessary maintenance activities.

Dr. Xiao Yun from the Chinese航天 Technology Corporation noted that during this mission, "Long 8" and一號(hào)工位 demonstrated excellent coordination and compatibility, laying a solid foundation for high-density launches. The efficient operation of一號(hào)工位 can significantly shorten the time needed for rocket launches, offering users a more efficient and reliable service.

(Reporter Chen Kaizhi, Song Chen)