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本文來源：《時(shí)代周報(bào)》 作者：馬歡

在加拿大與美國關(guān)系陷入僵局之際，昔日的明星總理特魯多即將卸任，取而代之的是一位政治新人。

據(jù)央視新聞報(bào)道，加拿大自由黨新領(lǐng)袖選舉近日揭曉，馬克·卡尼以巨大優(yōu)勢勝出，將擔(dān)任自由黨黨首，最快將在一周后 assuming office as Canada's new Prime Minister.

作為加拿大和英國前央行行長，卡尼曾直面金融危機(jī)和脫歐危機(jī)。如今，他將面臨美國挑起的更大挑戰(zhàn)——美加貿(mào)易爭端。

"美國不是加拿大。加拿大永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)以任何形式、形態(tài)或方式成為美國的一部分，"卡尼在勝選后直接回應(yīng)特朗普最近宣稱要讓加拿大成為美國第51個(gè)州的言論，"我們并不希望這場爭斗，但他人若要挑釁，加拿大人隨時(shí)奉陪。"

卡尼的這番話贏得了自由黨支持者的熱烈掌聲。

同時(shí)，即將離任的特魯多也在渥太華對支持者發(fā)表講話。"這是一個(gè)決定國家命運(yùn)的時(shí)刻。民主并非理所當(dāng)然，自由并非理所當(dāng)然，"特魯多說道，"連加拿大都不是理所當(dāng)然的。"

問題在于，一位金融背景出身、在政治領(lǐng)域缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)的新人總理，能否從容應(yīng)對特朗普的挑戰(zhàn)？

誰是卡尼？

59歲的卡尼出生于加拿大史密斯堡，先后就讀于哈佛大學(xué)和牛津大學(xué)。

After graduation, Cani was employed by the Bank of New York, assuming the position of Assistant Minister in the Canadian Ministry of Finance in 2004. He later served as the Assistant Minister of Finance in Canada and became the Minister of Finance in 2008. Notably, he successfully navigated Canada through the global financial crisis of that year.

In 2013, Cani was appointed to the Bank of England, becoming the first non-British head of the Bank of England. During his tenure, the UK experienced a referendum on EU membership, often referred to as "Brexit."

Unlike most candidates for prime minister, Cani's political career had not been elected through conventional political processes. His extensive experience in the financial sector, however, sets him apart from typical political figures, earning him the nickname of a "political outsider."

Following the announcement by Prime Minister Trudeau on January 6, 2015, that he would step down as leader of the Liberal Party, Cani officially entered the leadership race of the Progressive Conservative Party (PC) on January 16 and tendered his resignation from all business and financial roles.

Cani emerged victorious in the first round of the party's leadership contest with an overwhelming 86% of the vote. Over 150,000 members participated in the vote, according to statements from the Progressive Conservative Party.

As a professor of finance at McGill University in Montreal, Daniel noted that Cani's professional background and his relatively boring personality actually made more Canadians feel at ease.

How to deal with Trump

During Trudeau's tenure, Canada fell into relative obscurity on the world stage. However, in 2015, after winning a federal election, he became Canada's Prime Minister. Since then, his confident demeanor has been a focal point of Canadian and international politics.

Particularly, following Trump's unexpected election as U.S. President in 2016, Trudeau became a near-constant presence in international politics, often being seen as Trump's counterpart. While Trump displayed a steadfast opposition to immigrants, Trudeau continued to advocate for an open approach to refugee issues. This stance led to Canada's immigration website crashing under increased traffic within days of the election.

Trudeau's leadership style and foreign policy during his tenure have been widely recognized and respected, making him a significant figure in both Canadian and international politics.

時(shí)至今日，這位政壇天王，依然無法阻擋特朗普咄咄逼人的氣勢。

盡管加拿大面臨特朗普帶來的關(guān)稅問題，但更嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)還包括通貨膨脹、房價(jià)飆升以及生活成本的瘋狂上漲，這些問題讓許多選民將矛頭對準(zhǔn)特魯多總理。

疫情過后，特魯多領(lǐng)導(dǎo)加拿大實(shí)施臨時(shí)移民政策，旨在填補(bǔ)勞動(dòng)力短缺。然而，大量涌入的移民很快引發(fā)了民眾的強(qiáng)烈反對，認(rèn)為這加劇了加拿大房價(jià)和醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)的壓力。

一些批評者認(rèn)為，特魯多在其執(zhí)政的近10年里，未能更好地利用加拿大豐富的自然資源，包括石油、天然氣、煤炭以及關(guān)鍵的鉀肥、稀有礦產(chǎn)和鈾資源，這些資源的高效利用對加拿大至關(guān)重要。

加拿大人希望新任總理和內(nèi)閣能夠推動(dòng)變革，同時(shí)妥善處理與特朗普的關(guān)系。

加拿大政治學(xué)教授斯蒂芬妮認(rèn)為，卡尼之所以吸引人，是因?yàn)樗麚碛胸S富的經(jīng)濟(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，做事嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，熟悉國際金融體系，同時(shí)也深刻了解加拿大的優(yōu)勢與劣勢。

卡尼明確表示，他支持加拿大維持對美國的關(guān)稅政策，直到美國人開始正視加拿大的利益。

在勝選演講中，卡尼展現(xiàn)出堅(jiān)定的立場。他指出，美國試圖吞并加拿大，或者侮辱加拿大的國家尊嚴(yán)，這種行為將遭到加拿大人的堅(jiān)決反對。他承諾，加拿大政府將采取報(bào)復(fù)性關(guān)稅措施，并敦促加拿大民眾團(tuán)結(jié)一心，阻止特朗普得逞。同時(shí)，他提出將與可靠的合作伙伴建立新的貿(mào)易關(guān)系，并確保邊境的安全。

許多媒體認(rèn)為，卡尼與特朗普的互動(dòng)方式將是"保持沉著、冷靜和穩(wěn)定"，即便特朗普肆意貶低加拿大，卡尼也不會(huì)輕易上鉤，加拿大政府將致力于通過談判解決問題。

加拿大民眾還關(guān)注，卡尼上任后是否會(huì)利用國內(nèi)的支持熱浪，一鼓作氣宣布提前舉行聯(lián)邦大選。原定于今年10月舉行的聯(lián)邦大選，可能會(huì)因此推遲。

卡尼表示，不排除在就任總理后提前舉行大選。如果成功當(dāng)選，這將是自由黨實(shí)現(xiàn)四連冠；若大選不成功，卡尼將成為加拿大歷史上任期最短的總理。