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On March 6, a special峰會(huì) was held in Brussels by the EU. The results of the official公報(bào) revealed that the European Council approved the "Renewing Europe" initiative proposed by EU Commissioner馮德萊恩.

The "Renewing Europe" initiative proposed by EU Commissioner馮德萊恩 received approval from the European Council.

The公報(bào) indicated that the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine posed a survival challenge to the EU, compelling the continent to assume greater responsibility for its own defense. To strengthen its overall defense capabilities, the EU will reduce its reliance on external security, address its key capacity gaps, enhance its defense technology and industrial base, and ensure it can supply the necessary equipment.

Commissioner馮德萊恩, who proposed the "Renewing Europe" initiative on April 4, aims to allocate 800 billion euros to build a "secure and resilient Europe," including providing 150 billion euros in loans for defense investment to EU member states and assisting them in integrating requirements and purchasing military equipment to boost European security. She also stated that the initiative will enable member states to invest in Ukraine's defense industry or acquire military equipment to support Ukraine.

Previous reports

The EU is making an urgent effort to "reinvent its security" amid U.S. withdrawal from support for Ukraine.

The EU summit was held in Brussels on March 6. According to French news agency AFP, EU leaders met during the峰會(huì) as U.S. President Vladimir Putin withdrew support for Ukraine. Political Network reported that at this moment, it seems like the future of Europe is precarious.

The峰會(huì) coincided with澤連斯基 attending it. Before the峰會(huì), he stood alongside EU Commissioner馮德萊恩 and European Council President科斯塔, expressing gratitude and stating, "We are not alone."

Commissioner馮德萊恩 called the峰會(huì) a "turning point for Europe." She will formally present the "Renewing Europe" initiative, which requires EU member states to allocate 800 billion euros, to the leaders. According to news channel Europe 1, the EU leaders are trying to showcase their unity and resolve on supporting Ukraine while addressing pressing questions, such as what level of security the EU can afford to maintain.

However, according to external media, the EU is still facing internal divisions. Lithuanian President瑙塞達(dá) cited the峰圖為 an opportunity to demonstrate whether "this is just a debate club or whether we can make decisions."

歐盟正考慮為"8000億計(jì)劃"提供資金支持

"歐盟已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了危機(jī)，但這次或許能擊敗他們所有人"，《政治新聞網(wǎng)》指出，歐盟領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人齊聚布魯塞爾時(shí)已意識(shí)到，自1945年以來(lái)建立的安全架構(gòu)隨時(shí)可能崩潰。"跨大西洋的裂痕迫使我們緊急采取行動(dòng)"，《世界報(bào)》稱(chēng)，在一場(chǎng)與美俄之間日益激烈的拉鋸戰(zhàn)中，歐盟領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人試圖重新掌控俄烏沖突的談判。

據(jù)報(bào)道，歐盟特別峰會(huì)正討論防務(wù)開(kāi)支問(wèn)題。一名歐盟高級(jí)官員對(duì)美國(guó)有線電視新聞網(wǎng)（CNN）表示，預(yù)計(jì)歐盟領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會(huì)批準(zhǔn)馮德萊恩的"重新武裝歐洲"計(jì)劃。馮德萊恩最近警告稱(chēng)："歐洲面臨著一個(gè)明確而現(xiàn)實(shí)的危險(xiǎn)，其規(guī)模在我們成年后從未見(jiàn)過(guò)。我們的一些基本假設(shè)正被徹底動(dòng)搖。"

歐盟領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人討論如何分擔(dān)對(duì)烏援助的問(wèn)題將成為峰會(huì)的重要議題。據(jù)法新社報(bào)道，歐盟領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人可能會(huì)討論為俄烏和平協(xié)議提供哪些"安全保證"。英國(guó)首相斯塔默提議組建"自愿者聯(lián)盟"組建維和部隊(duì)。歐洲新聞臺(tái)報(bào)道稱(chēng)，目前法國(guó)、丹麥、瑞典、挪威、澳大利亞等國(guó)已經(jīng)表達(dá)了興趣，但都堅(jiān)稱(chēng)，這項(xiàng)行動(dòng)必須與美國(guó)的支持相結(jié)合。法新社援引土耳其國(guó)防部消息人士的話稱(chēng)，如果有需要，該國(guó)已準(zhǔn)備好向?yàn)蹩颂m派遣部隊(duì)。一位熟悉情況的歐洲官員告訴CNN，與俄羅斯接壤的東歐國(guó)家擔(dān)心，參與維和部隊(duì)可能令本國(guó)邊境容易受到攻擊。波蘭也一直公開(kāi)表達(dá)這種擔(dān)憂。

據(jù)法新社報(bào)道，對(duì)于歐洲國(guó)家在烏克蘭部署維和部隊(duì)，俄外長(zhǎng)拉夫羅夫表示，俄方的反對(duì)立場(chǎng)"沒(méi)有妥協(xié)余地"。

馬克龍談法國(guó)提供"保護(hù)傘"，俄批駁

歐洲新聞臺(tái)稱(chēng)，峰會(huì)是美俄總統(tǒng)通話后的首次碰面，歐盟27國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人試圖表現(xiàn)出團(tuán)結(jié)和決心支持烏克蘭。法新社表示，除了承諾的300億歐元對(duì)烏援助，不太可能宣布其他重大援助。美聯(lián)社稱(chēng)，預(yù)計(jì)這次會(huì)議無(wú)法解決烏克蘭最緊迫的需求，其重點(diǎn)是財(cái)政問(wèn)題，以及如何盡快讓歐盟保障自身安全并幫助烏克蘭，同時(shí)打破數(shù)十年來(lái)歐洲在安全問(wèn)題上對(duì)美國(guó)保護(hù)傘的依賴(lài)。

據(jù)法新社報(bào)道，歐盟峰會(huì)召開(kāi)前一天晚上，法國(guó)總統(tǒng)馬克龍?jiān)谥v話中強(qiáng)調(diào)，面對(duì)充滿危險(xiǎn)的世界，如果繼續(xù)袖手旁觀將是瘋狂的。他試圖說(shuō)明地緣政治變化，稱(chēng)"歐洲的未來(lái)不應(yīng)由華盛頓或莫斯科來(lái)決定"。路透社稱(chēng)，馬克龍強(qiáng)調(diào)，俄羅斯成為整個(gè)歐洲的"威脅"。

3月5日，法國(guó)總統(tǒng)馬克龍?jiān)诎屠璋l(fā)表全國(guó)電視講話

據(jù)報(bào)道，馬克龍表示，如果美國(guó)站在我們這邊，我愿意相信美國(guó)將站在我們這邊。但如果情況并非如此，我們必須做好準(zhǔn)備。他還提及，自己已經(jīng)決定就法國(guó)向歐洲盟國(guó)提供"核保護(hù)傘"的問(wèn)題展開(kāi)戰(zhàn)略討論。路透社說(shuō)，這表明了"此刻的嚴(yán)重性"。

歐盟其他國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人也在峰會(huì)前對(duì)歐洲的安全問(wèn)題發(fā)表了看法。據(jù)法新社報(bào)道，預(yù)計(jì)將成為德國(guó)總理的默茨表示，他已做好了應(yīng)對(duì)"極端情況"的準(zhǔn)備，并支持大幅增加德國(guó)國(guó)防支出的改革。"政治新聞網(wǎng)"報(bào)道，波蘭總理圖斯克6日對(duì)記者表示，軍備競(jìng)賽對(duì)歐洲構(gòu)成新的挑戰(zhàn)，歐洲必須應(yīng)對(duì)并贏得這場(chǎng)競(jìng)賽。

6日，俄方對(duì)馬克龍的言論進(jìn)行了反駁。俄塔斯社報(bào)道，拉夫羅夫指出，馬克龍?zhí)岬接斜匾獙?duì)抗俄羅斯以保護(hù)法國(guó)及歐洲，這種言論可能使法國(guó)為其在馬克龍的聲譽(yù)付出代價(jià)。拉夫羅夫表示，這一表態(tài)在外交政策上可能造成危險(xiǎn)后果。俄羅斯《消息報(bào)》和俄新社報(bào)道，俄總統(tǒng)新聞秘書(shū)佩斯科夫反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)，馬克龍的講話具有對(duì)抗性。佩斯科夫認(rèn)為，馬克龍?zhí)岬椒▏?guó)提供"核保護(hù)傘"是一種"核論調(diào)"，即一種在歐洲核領(lǐng)域獲得領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位的野心。拉夫羅夫也表示，馬克龍的表態(tài)對(duì)俄羅斯構(gòu)成威脅。

讓討價(jià)還價(jià)開(kāi)始吧

美聯(lián)社指出，歐盟6日面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)或許是需要在一個(gè)"分裂的時(shí)刻"采取統(tǒng)一立場(chǎng)。匈牙利和斯洛伐克經(jīng)常對(duì)烏克蘭問(wèn)題的不同意見(jiàn)，這可能導(dǎo)致歐盟峰會(huì)的聯(lián)合聲明無(wú)法通過(guò)。盡管歐盟領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人抵達(dá)會(huì)場(chǎng)時(shí)都笑呵呵地說(shuō)著俏皮話，但 Hungarian總理有可能否決這份聯(lián)合聲明，但它無(wú)法阻止重大的安全或融資決定。"政治新聞網(wǎng)"指出，盡管歐盟領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會(huì)面時(shí)表情友好，但幕后的實(shí)際行動(dòng)可能更加尖銳。

歐委會(huì)主席馮德萊恩在布魯塞爾迎接烏克蘭總統(tǒng)澤連斯基（圖/央視新聞）

除了烏克蘭問(wèn)題，歐洲各國(guó)在實(shí)現(xiàn)戰(zhàn)略自主上被認(rèn)為也存在"溫差"?！妒澜鐖?bào)》的文章指出，以歐洲武器裝備歐洲國(guó)家的軍隊(duì)是實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的第一步，但迄今為止，大多數(shù)歐洲國(guó)家從未認(rèn)真考慮這一前景：中東歐國(guó)家更傾向于通過(guò)購(gòu)買(mǎi)美國(guó)軍事裝備來(lái)加強(qiáng)與華盛頓的聯(lián)系；德國(guó)一直對(duì)美國(guó)的安全保護(hù)依賴(lài)十分深，同時(shí)又因與俄羅斯的經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系而保持謹(jǐn)慎；英國(guó)雖然更積極主動(dòng)，但由于與美國(guó)是"特殊關(guān)系"，它并未推動(dòng)歐洲戰(zhàn)略自主的發(fā)展；法國(guó)是少數(shù)積極推動(dòng)這一理念的國(guó)家，但它長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)遭遇了來(lái)自盟友的懷疑甚至不信任。