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在杭州和深圳爭奪科技高地時，默默無聞的河南卻在國際上引起關(guān)注。

杭州有"科技六小龍"，深圳也有華為、比亞迪、騰訊和大疆等響當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)钠髽I(yè)，這些企業(yè)在國內(nèi)外都享有盛譽。河南省的上市企業(yè)數(shù)量和知名度并不突出。但近期，河南竟有三家企業(yè)的國際知名度卻驚人爆棚，這讓外界感到意外。

近期，宇通客車再創(chuàng)佳績，以287輛純電動客車出口至挪威，整個歐洲的目光都聚焦在這家河南車企身上。在零下25攝氏度的嚴(yán)寒環(huán)境中，宇通純電動客車以374公里的超長續(xù)航能力，打破了全球電動客車在惡劣氣候下的性能紀(jì)錄，讓歐洲 nations 都為之震驚。

幾乎在同一時間，蜜雪冰城用4元錢就能買到一杯檸檬水，迅速征服東南亞市場。馬來西亞、印度尼西亞和泰國等國家的蜜雪冰城門店常常排起長隊，檸檬水一度供不應(yīng)求。值得注意的是，蜜雪冰城已順利完成港股IPO的公開發(fā)售環(huán)節(jié)，融資認(rèn)購倍數(shù)高達5125倍，認(rèn)購金額達1.77萬億港元，打破了此前快手創(chuàng)造的認(rèn)購紀(jì)錄。

在美國網(wǎng)友小紅書上與中國網(wǎng)友對賬后，兩國網(wǎng)友分享日常的"吃喝玩樂"成了常態(tài)。沒想到的是，辣條竟然成了美國網(wǎng)友的新晉"頂流"，被中國網(wǎng)友大力推薦后，一些美國網(wǎng)友竟然迷上了衛(wèi)龍辣條。由于美國購買辣條不易，導(dǎo)致一些代購商家推出了辣條相關(guān)的"賽道"。

宇通、蜜雪冰城和衛(wèi)龍這三家河南企業(yè)，讓一向低調(diào)的河南省在此次熱度中直接走出了"國際圈"。通過BT財經(jīng)的梳理，我們看到中原之省是如何一步步走向國際的。

河南首家市值達到千億的企業(yè)——雪王集團。

根據(jù)公開資料顯示，截至2024年底，河南共計擁有111家上市企業(yè)，蜜雪冰城是2025年首家上市的河南企業(yè)，至此河南擁有112家上市企業(yè)。其中，新能源企業(yè)23家、光伏18家、電池18家、環(huán)保15家、機械13家、儲能13家、化工企業(yè)11家，其余行業(yè)包括養(yǎng)殖和快消行業(yè)。

盡管河南擁有一定數(shù)量的上市企業(yè)，但在蜜雪冰城上市之前，河南并未擁有"千億"企業(yè)，蜜雪冰城的上市填補了這一空白。

同樣作為茶飲領(lǐng)域的代表企業(yè)，3月3日，蜜雪冰城在香港交易所上市，發(fā)行價為202.5港元。與 similarly named 的奈雪的茶不同，蜜雪冰城在上市當(dāng)日股價暴漲43.21%，截至3月5日收盤價為297港元，上市三日漲幅接近50%，市值達1139億港元，而奈雪的茶同期市值僅為26.8億港元，不足蜜雪冰城的五分之一，市值是其43倍。這一表現(xiàn)讓沉寂已久的港股市場為之沸騰。

蜜雪冰城股價出現(xiàn)突飛猛漲，這一現(xiàn)象早有警示。從2021年2月21日到2月26日，蜜雪冰城公開發(fā)售規(guī)模為3.45億港元，但最終的認(rèn)購金額高達1.84萬億港元，認(rèn)購倍數(shù)高達5000余倍，這一數(shù)字遠(yuǎn)超2020年港股市場老鋪黃金的300倍紀(jì)錄。值得注意的是，在2021年上市時，奈雪的茶發(fā)行價為19.8港元，而蜜雪冰城的發(fā)行價則高達202.5港元，價格是奈雪的茶的十倍以上。此外，蜜雪冰城在全球擁有超過4.6萬家門店，這一 factors成為其在資本市場上備受青睞的重要原因之一。

相較于奈雪的茶19.8港元的發(fā)行價，蜜雪冰城202.5港元的發(fā)行價高出十倍以上。從門店數(shù)量來看，蜜雪冰城的門店數(shù)量是奈雪的茶的24倍，截至2025年1月20日，其門店數(shù)量已達4600多家，其中1597家為直營店，297家為加盟店，覆蓋了包括印尼、越南、韓國、日本、澳大利亞等多國市場。

這家從河南商丘農(nóng)村走出的企業(yè)，最終發(fā)展成為一家市值超過千億的企業(yè)，這一轉(zhuǎn)變超出許多人的預(yù)期。

1997年，19歲的張紅超以奶奶積攢的3000元辛苦錢，在鄭州開設(shè)了蜜雪冰城的第一家門店。然而真正讓張紅超實現(xiàn)財富積累的是其經(jīng)營的"家常菜"業(yè)務(wù)。當(dāng)時他在學(xué)校附近的一處廢棄廠房開設(shè)門店，以冷飲為主，同時提供家常菜。憑借"薄利多銷"的經(jīng)營理念，生意一度不錯。在此期間，張紅超發(fā)現(xiàn)日本進口的甜筒冰淇淋售價高達20多元，遠(yuǎn)超當(dāng)時市場的定價水平，他敏銳地看到了商機，于是開始自主研發(fā)和生產(chǎn)冰淇淋。最終，2元一支的蜜雪冰城冰淇淋問世，成本僅1元左右的這款冰淇淋，以2元的定價迅速走俏市場。值得注意的是，蜜雪冰城上市后并未上調(diào)價格。

蜂蜜冰城的成功與創(chuàng)始人張紅超、張紅甫的"窮"屬性密不可分。兩位創(chuàng)始人出身貧困，深知底層消費者的消費痛點。張紅超深諳"窮"的智慧，認(rèn)為只有了解并滿足底層人群的消費需求，才能在競爭中立于不敗之地。正是基于這一理念，張紅超做出了"深挖下沉市場，不與知名品牌正面剛"的決策。他推出了"2元冰淇淋、4元檸檬水、6元珍珠奶茶"等價格親民的產(chǎn)品，徹底改變了當(dāng)時市場上同 genus產(chǎn)品的定價策略。與同行動輒宣稱使用百年古樹茶、奶源來自澳洲歐洲等高成本原料的產(chǎn)品不同，張紅超的"老實" approach贏得了一大批忠實消費者。

盡管在2015年經(jīng)歷了一場兄弟分家的風(fēng)波，但張紅超與張紅甫很快就從"分"到"合"，張紅超負(fù)責(zé)產(chǎn)品研發(fā)和供應(yīng)鏈建設(shè)，張紅甫負(fù)責(zé)品牌運營和日常管理。兩人的矛盾源于哥哥的保守與弟弟的激進。通過協(xié)調(diào)解決內(nèi)部矛盾后，蜜雪冰城進入高速發(fā)展期。2018年至2024年，其門店數(shù)量從5000家激增至4600多家，其中海外門店達到4800多家，覆蓋印尼、越南、韓國、日本、澳大利亞等多個國家和地區(qū)。平均每年新增門店近7000家。

作為一家擁有五大現(xiàn)代化生產(chǎn)基地的上市公司，蜜雪冰城的生產(chǎn)基地占據(jù)了79萬平方米的用地，其核心原料100%實現(xiàn)本地化生產(chǎn)，采購網(wǎng)絡(luò)延伸至全球六大洲、38個國家，確保了其在供應(yīng)鏈管理上的絕對優(yōu)勢。憑借龐大的門店網(wǎng)絡(luò)，蜜雪冰城獲得了極強的議價能力，其成本結(jié)構(gòu)達到了最低水平。

蜂蜜冰城上市后，兄弟倆的身家突破850億港元大關(guān)。目前，兄弟倆的身家已接近河南首富秦英林、錢瑛夫婦的1350億元資產(chǎn)水平，未來有望超越其成為河南新的首富。

比茅臺股票還牛的汽車股

這家成立于1997年1月8日的客車制造商，在A股市場創(chuàng)造了從創(chuàng)立到上市的最快紀(jì)錄。成立僅僅4個月，就在1997年5月8日實現(xiàn)上市，成為國內(nèi)首家客車行業(yè)的上市公司。1999年，宇通客車推出首款純電動客車，成為國內(nèi)最早實現(xiàn)純電動客車生產(chǎn)的企業(yè)。如今，宇通客車已發(fā)展成為一家涵蓋商用車的綜合企業(yè)。公司研發(fā)投入占營業(yè)收入的比例始終保持在7%以上，2024年更是達到了21億元的高投入水平。

Prior to achieving international recognition through the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022,宇通客車 (Yutong Bus) won an order of 888 new energy buses, which broke the Japanese monopoly in the global bus market. Before the 21st century, the global bus market was almost entirely dominated by Japanese manufacturers. When Japanese media used an entire page to question China's buses, accusing them of having "technological core capabilities dependent on foreign technology," they displayed disdain for Chinese buses.

As a state-owned enterprise,宇通客車 (Yutong Bus) faced financial troubles and potential bankruptcy in the past, but through a series of reforms, it emerged victorious. It not only maintained its leadership position in the domestic market but also gradually expanded its influence in the international market. In countries like Saudi Arabia and Qatar in the Middle East, its buses, designed to handle extreme heat, received high praise from customers.

In Kazakhstan, under the harsh conditions of -25°C,宇通純電動客車 (Yutong Electric Buses) achieved a record of 374 km in terms of maximum續(xù)航 distance for electric buses under adverse weather conditions. It successfully met the stringent safety standards of the EU and won orders in countries like France, Denmark, and Finland. In France, one out of every three electric buses is produced by宇通客車 (Yutong Bus). Especially in Norway, known for its harsh climate, its buses achieved a 97.3% delivery rate on the icy streets, winning 287 orders. This demonstrated the high quality and reliability of the Norwegian market.

In 2024,宇通客車 (Yutong Bus) achieved a 37.73% increase in overseas sales, reaching 14,000 vehicles, with export revenue exceeding 10 billion yuan. Its overseas products were all high-tech models, with an average selling price of 1.02 million yuan per vehicle. New energy buses alone accounted for a rise of 220 million yuan. According to the company's 2024 earnings forecast, its net profit is expected to reach between 3.82 billion and 4.27 billion yuan, a 110% to 135% increase. This brought its net profit back to the level achieved in 2016. Among the four major state-owned bus companies in the A-share transportation industry,宇通客車 (Yutong Bus) has long maintained the highest margin.

Under the global rebound of the tourism market, the performance of宇通客車 (Yutong Bus) in the international bus market has been widely recognized, marking a significant step in China's brand reputation in the global public transportation industry transitioning to a greener model. Its outstanding performance has also earned the recognition and investment of the capital markets. In 2024, the stock price of宇通客車 (Yutong Bus) surged by 135%.

As of March 5, 2024, its market capitalization stood at 57 billion yuan. The dividend yield for the period from 2014 to 2023 was consistently high, ranging from 4.5% to 13.3%. The company has been labeled by many investors as a "car stock as exceptional as茅臺." Additionally, its exports included 160 countries' "Dumai" snacks.

Another highly-profiled Chinese listed company in the U.S. is Huoyong (Wulumuqi), known for its "One-packet" spicy noodles, which were priced at just 0.5 yuan per packet and could command a valuation of over 2 billion Hong Kong dollars. However, in reality, Huoyong is a leading enterprise in the Chinese processed food industry with annual revenue exceeding 5 billion yuan. Since its IPO in 2023, Huoyong has achieved outstanding performance. In 2023, its revenue reached 4.872 billion yuan, a 5.17% year-on-year increase. Its net profit was 8.804 billion yuan, a 481.87% year-on-year increase. In the first half of 2024, its revenue was 2.939 billion yuan, a 26.27% increase year-on-year, and its net profit was 6.212 billion yuan, a 38.95% increase year-on-year.

Huoyong's spicy noodles not only gained the hearts of domestic consumers but also had a significant number of overseas fans. In the U.S., one packet of its spicy noodles could be sold for 12 U.S. dollars, making it a luxurious food. Its products regularly appeared on the lists of luxury food in the United States. In the BBC documentary "Great Food," several presenters highly recommended its spicy noodles, calling them a must-try Chinese snack for young foreigners.

Additionally,宇通客車 (Yutong Bus) exported 160 countries' spicy noodles.

Another Chinese listed company in the U.S. is Huoyong (Wulumuqi). Although its spicy noodles were priced at just 0.5 yuan per packet and could command a valuation of over 2 billion Hong Kong dollars, in reality, it is a leading enterprise in the Chinese processed food industry with annual revenue exceeding 5 billion yuan. Since its IPO in 2023, Huoyong has achieved outstanding performance. In 2023, its revenue reached 4.872 billion yuan, a 5.17% year-on-year increase. Its net profit was 8.804 billion yuan, a 481.87% year-on-year increase. In the first half of 2024, its revenue was 2.939 billion yuan, a 26.27% year-on-year increase, and its net profit was 6.212 billion yuan, a 38.95% year-on-year increase.

隨著TikTok和小紅書平臺的推廣，辣條逐漸成為全球短視頻內(nèi)容網(wǎng)站中最具代表性的中國食品之一，許多網(wǎng)友在其平臺上分享吃辣條的經(jīng)歷。值得注意的是，海外抖音博主從國內(nèi)大量網(wǎng)購衛(wèi)龍辣條作為疫情期間的物資和精神慰藉，不少外國網(wǎng)友表示自己從這段經(jīng)歷中獲得了極大的滿足感和幸福感。盡管TikTok在美國遭遇嚴(yán)格限制，但大量美國網(wǎng)友轉(zhuǎn)投小紅書平臺，目前小紅書平臺上涌現(xiàn)出了大量尋求購買衛(wèi)龍辣條的外國用戶，這成為了一個獨特的市場現(xiàn)象。

衛(wèi)龍辣條目前已成為全球160多個國家和地區(qū)的主流零食，其在海外市場的售價遠(yuǎn)高于國內(nèi)市場。在美國主流網(wǎng)購平臺上，5包65克裝的衛(wèi)龍辣條售價高達16.99美元，折合人民幣約24.6元。在TikTok和小紅書等短視頻平臺的助力下，衛(wèi)龍辣條在海外市場贏得了空前的關(guān)注度。韓國吃播博主們通過制作辣條配餐（辣條+紫菜包飯）和辣條泡菜組合，迅速積累了大量粉絲，許多韓國人已經(jīng)將其視為日常餐食的一部分。而日本，這個原本以清淡口味著稱的國家，也因為衛(wèi)龍辣條的流行而成為了其最大的進口國。

從2021年到2024年，衛(wèi)龍在海外市場的營收表現(xiàn)出了顯著的增長趨勢。2021年，衛(wèi)龍海外營收為1979.6萬元；2022年，這一數(shù)字增長至6547.4萬元，同比增長了230%；2023年，衛(wèi)龍海外營收達到9762萬元，同比增長了近50%。預(yù)計到2024年，衛(wèi)龍的海外營收將突破1.5億元。在TikTok、小紅書等社交平臺上，大量外國博主分享自己食用辣條的經(jīng)驗，這對衛(wèi)龍辣條的全球推廣起到了極大的推動作用，使其有望成為新的“國際頂流”品牌。

宇通、蜜雪冰城和衛(wèi)龍這三家企業(yè)，均為河南地區(qū)的具有代表性的上市公司，是該地區(qū)敢于拼搏的企業(yè)創(chuàng)新成果的集中體現(xiàn)，也是中國大量企業(yè)邁向國際化的生動例證。

2024年，河南經(jīng)濟總量達到6.36萬億元，位居全國第六位，與之相比，其后湖北的經(jīng)濟總量為6萬億元，兩者之間存在較大的差距。同時，河南2024年GDP增速為5.1%，明顯高于全國平均水平。

隨著季節(jié)更替，中原大地處處充滿生機，春意盎然。

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作者 | 夢蕭